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Technical white paper | AHCI and RAID on HP rp7800, rp5810, and rp5800 Retail Systems

Introduction

This white paper covers the Advanced Host Controller Interface (AHCI) and Redundant Array of Independent Disks (RAID)

drive technologies that are provided on the HP rp7800, rp5810, and rp5800 Retail Systems. This white paper provides a

basic overview of AHCI and RAID technology, factory configurations, other supported RAID configurations, and basic

instructions on how to migrate non-RAID to RAID configurations in the field. HP also provides a Smart IV Hard Drive technical

white paper for Smart IV Technology on HP Business Desktop Hard Drives on www.hp.com. HP rp7800, rp5810, and

rp5800 Retail Systems also support disk caching, which is described in a separate white paper “Configuring HP

EliteDesk/EliteOne 800 Systems for Intel Smart Response Technology” available on www.hp.com.

AHCI is a hardware mechanism that allows software to communicate with Serial ATA (SATA) devices. It is enumerated as a

PCI device and it transfers data between system memory and SATA devices.

HP rp7800, rp5810, and rp5800 Retail Systems provide support for AHCI in single and multiple drive configurations.

RAID (Redundant Array of Independent Disks) employs two or more drives in combination for fault tolerance and

performance. Initially used with servers, desktop PCs are increasingly using RAID by adding a RAID controller and extra IDE

or SCSI disks.

HP rp7800, rp5810, and rp5800 Retail Systems take advantage of Serial Advanced Technology Attachment (SATA)

technology and the integration of RAID support into select Intel chipsets. The HP rp7800 and rp5800 Retail Systems use the

Q67 Express chipset, while the rp5810 Retail System uses the Q87 Express chipset.

Basic AHCI and RAID definitions

Table 1. Basic AHCI and RAID definitions

Acronym or term Description

AHCI Advanced Host Controller Interface, a specification for hardware and software, is a register interface

for SATA, intended to add higher speed, NCQ and other features.

ATA Advanced Technology Attachment.

BIOS Basic Input/Output System, also known as system ROM.

Chipset Term used to define a collection of integrated components required to make a PC function.

HDD Hard disk drive

ICH

The Input/Output Controller Hub. This component includes the mass storage controller. ICH is part of

the Intel Q45 Chipset

IDE Integrated Drive Electronics

INF

Information file (.inf) used by Microsoft

® operating systems that support the Plug & Play feature.

When installing a driver, this file provides the operating system needed, information about driver

filenames, driver components, and supported hardware.

Migration Term used to describe the movement of data from one configuration or usage model to another.

NCQ Native Command Queuing.

OS Operating system

Option ROM

Piece or software module inside the System BIOS which provides extended support for a particular

piece of hardware. The RAID Option ROM provides boot support for RAID volumes as well as a user

interface for managing and configuring the system's RAID volumes.

PCH

Platform Controller Hub. This component includes the mass storage controller. PCH is part of the

Intel Q87 chipset

PCI Peripheral Components Interface.

PCIe PCI express. A serial version of PCI.

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