Hp 39g+ Manual do Utilizador

HP 39G/40GGRAPHING CALCULATORUSER’S GUIDEVersion 1.1

P-2 PrefaceNoticeThis manual and any examples contained herein are provided as-is and are subject to change without notice. Except to the extent prohi

8-8 Statistics aplet4. Press to close the statistics window and press >6<0%@ key to see the data set definitions.The first column indicates th

Statistics aplet 8-9To continue our example, suppose that the heights of the rest of the students in the class are measured, but each one is rounded t

8-10 Statistics aplet8. Display the computed statistics. You can scroll down to the mean. The mean height is approximately 167.63cm.9. Setup a histogr

Statistics aplet 8-11Insert data Highlight the entry following the point of insertion. Press , then enter a number. It will write over the zero that

8-12 Statistics apletFit models Eight fit models are available:To define your own fit1. In Numeric view, make sure is set.2. Display the Symbolic vie

Statistics aplet 8-13Computed statisticsOne-variableWhen the data set contains an odd number of values, the data set’s median value is not used when c

8-14 Statistics apletTwo-variableStatistic Definition MEANX Mean of x- (independent) values.ΣX Sum of x-values.ΣX2 Sum of x2-values.MEANY Mean of y- (

Statistics aplet 8-15Plotting You can plot:•histograms ( )• box-and-whisker plots ()• scatter plots of data ().Once you have entered your data (>18

8-16 Statistics apletPlot typesHistogram One-variable statistics. The numbers below the plot mean that the current bar (where the cursor is) starts at

Statistics aplet 8-17Fitting a curve to 2VAR dataIn the Plot view, press . This draws a curve to fit the checked two-variable data set(s). See “To ch

Getting started 1-11Getting startedOn/off, cancel operationsTo turn on Press >21@ to turn on the calculator.To cancel When the calculator is on, th

8-18 Statistics apletSetting up the plot (Plot setup view)The Plot Setup view (>6+,)7@SETUP-PLOT) sets most of the same plotting parameters as it d

Statistics aplet 8-19Trouble-shooting a plotIf you have problems plotting, check that you have the following:• The correct or menu label on (Numer

8-20 Statistics apletExploring the graphThe Plot view has menu keys for zooming, tracing, and coordinate display. There are also scaling options under

Statistics aplet 8-21Calculating predicted valuesThe functions PREDX and PREDY estimate (predict) values for X or Y given a hypothetical value for the

Inference aplet 9-19Inference apletAbout the Inference apletThe Inference capabilities include calculation of confidence intervals and hypothesis test

9-2 Inference apletGetting started with the Inference apletThis example describes the Inference aplet’s options and functionality by stepping you thro

Inference aplet 9-3If you choose one of the hypothesis tests, you can choose the alternative hypothesis to test against the null hypothesis. For each

9-4 Inference apletEnter data 4. Enter the sample statistics and population parameters that define the chosen test or interval.>6+,)7@SETUP-NUMThe

Inference aplet 9-5Plot test results8. Display a graphic view of the test results.>3/27@Horizontal axes are presented for both the distribution var

1-2 Getting startedThe displayTo adjust the contrastSimultaneously press >21@ and >@ (or >@) to increase (or decrease) the contrast.To clea

9-6 Inference apletEnter data 2. In the C1 column, enter the random numbers produced by the calculator.>@529 >(17(5@>@295 >(17(5@>@9

Inference aplet 9-7Choose inference method and type7. Choose an inference method.SelectCONF INTERVAL8. Choose a distribution statistic type.*e,Selec

9-8 Inference aplet11. Specify a 90% confidence interval in the C: field.*e,*e,*e, to move to the C: field0.9 >(17(5@Display Numeric view12. Displa

Inference aplet 9-9Hypothesis testsYou use hypothesis tests to test the validity of hypotheses that relate to the statistical parameters of one or two

9-10 Inference apletResults The results are:Two–Sample Z–TestMenu name Z–Test: µ1–µ2On the basis of two samples, each from a separate population, this

Inference aplet 9-11Results The results are:One–Proportion Z–TestMenu name Z–Test: 1POn the basis of statistics from a single sample, this test measur

9-12 Inference apletResults The results are:Two–Proportion Z–TestMenu name Z–Test: P1–P2On the basis of statistics from two samples, each from a diffe

Inference aplet 9-13Results The results are:One–Sample T–TestMenu name T–Test: 1 µThe One–sample T–Test is used when the population standard deviation

9-14 Inference apletResults The results are:Two–Sample T–TestMenu name T–Test: µ1 – µ2The Two–sample T–Test is used when the population standard devia

Inference aplet 9-15Inputs The inputs are:Results The results are:Field name DefinitionSample 1 mean.Sample 2 mean.S1 Sample 1 standard deviation.S2 S

Getting started 1-3Annunciators. Annunciators are symbols that appear above the title bar and give you important status information.The keyboardMenu k

9-16 Inference apletConfidence intervalsThe confidence interval calculations that the HP 39G/40G can perform are based on the Normal Z–distribution or

Inference aplet 9-17Two–Sample Z–IntervalMenu name Z–INT: µ1– µ2This option uses the Normal Z–distribution to calculate a confidence interval for the

9-18 Inference apletOne–Proportion Z–IntervalMenu name Z–INT: 1 PThis option uses the Normal Z–distribution to calculate a confidence interval for the

Inference aplet 9-19Two–Proportion Z–IntervalMenu name Z–INT: P1 – P2This option uses the Normal Z–distribution to calculate a confidence interval for

9-20 Inference apletOne–Sample T–IntervalMenu name T–INT: 1 µThis option uses the Student’s t–distribution to calculate a confidence interval for µ, t

Inference aplet 9-21Two–Sample T–IntervalMenu name T–INT: µ1 – µ2This option uses the Student’s t–distribution to calculate a confidence interval for

Using mathematical functions 10-110Using mathematical functionsMath functionsThe HP 39G/40G contains many math functions. The functions are grouped in

10-2 Using mathematical functionsTo select a function1. Press >0$7+@ to display the MATH menu. The categories appear in alphabetical order. Press *

Using mathematical functions 10-3Math functions by categoryFollowing are definitions for all categories of functions except List, Matrix, and Statisti

1-4 Getting started• On the calculator keyboard, the top row of keys are called menu keys. Their meanings depend on the context—that’s why their tops

10-4 Using mathematical functionsKeyboard functions The most frequently used functions are available directly from the keyboard. Many of the keyboard

Using mathematical functions 10-5>6+,)7@ASIN Arc sine: sin–1x. Output range is from –90° to 90°, –π/2 toπ/2, or –100 to 100 grads. Inputs and outpu

10-6 Using mathematical functions*;N, Power (x raised to y). Also accepts complex numbers.value^powerExample2^8 returns 256 >6+,)7@ABS Absolute val

Using mathematical functions 10-7Calculus functionsThe symbols for differentiation and integration are available directly form the keyboard—>GG[@

10-8 Using mathematical functionsComplex number functionsThese functions are for complex numbers only. You can also use complex numbers with all trigo

Using mathematical functions 10-9ConstantsThe HP 39G/40G has an internal numeric representation for these constants.e Natural logarithm base. Internal

10-10 Using mathematical functionsALOG Antilogarithm (exponential). This is more accurate than 10^x due to limitations of the power function.ALOG(valu

Using mathematical functions 10-11Loop functionsThe loop functions display a result after evaluating an expression a given number of times.ITERATE Rep

10-12 Using mathematical functionsPolynomial functionsPolynomials are products of constants (coefficients) and variables raised to powers (terms). POL

Using mathematical functions 10-13HINTThe results of POLYROOT will often not be easily seen in HOME due to the number of decimal places, especially if

Getting started 1-5Entry/Edit keys The entry and edit keys are:Key Meaning >21@ (CANCEL) Cancels the current operation if the calculator is on by p

10-14 Using mathematical functionsHINTThe setting of Time will be different for each calculator, so using RANDSEED(Time) is guaranteed to produce a se

Using mathematical functions 10-15Real-number functionsSome real-number functions can also take complex arguments.CEILING Smallest integer greater tha

10-16 Using mathematical functionsHMS→ Hours-minutes-seconds to decimal. Converts a number or expression in H.MMSSs format (time or angle that can inc

Using mathematical functions 10-17MOD Modulo. The remainder of value1/value2.value1 MOD value2Example 9 MOD 4 returns 1% x percent of y; that is, x/1

10-18 Using mathematical functionsSIGN Sign of value. If positive, the result is 1. If negative, –1. If zero, result is zero. For a complex number, th

Using mathematical functions 10-19Symbolic functionsThe symbolic functions are used for symbolic manipulations of expressions. The variables can be fo

10-20 Using mathematical functionsQUOTE Encloses an expression that should not be evaluated numerically.QUOTE(expression)ExamplesQUOTE(SIN(45)) F1(X

Using mathematical functions 10-21AND Compares value1 and value2. Returns 1 if they are both non-zero, otherwise returns 0.value1 AND value2IFTE If ex

10-22 Using mathematical functionsSymbolic calculationsThe HP 39G/40G has the ability to perform symbolic calculations, for example, symbolic integrat

Using mathematical functions 10-23Finding derivativesThe HP 39G/40G can perform symbolic differentiation on some functions. There are two ways of usin

1-6 Getting startedShifted keystrokesThere are two shift keys that you use to access the operations and characters printed above the keys:>6+,)7@ a

10-24 Using mathematical functionsTo find derivatives in the Function aplet’s Symbolic viewTo find the derivative of the function in the Function aple

Using mathematical functions 10-25To find the indefinite integral using formal variablesFor example, to find the indefinite integral of use:1. Enter

10-26 Using mathematical functionsThe ‘extra’ constant of 6.4 results from the substitution of into (x –2)5/5, and should be disregarded if an indefi

Variables and memory management 11-111Variables and memory managementIntroductionThe HP 39G/40G has approximately 232K of user memory. The calculator

11-2 Variables and memory managementStoring and recalling variablesYou can store numbers or expressions from a previous input or result into variables

Variables and memory management 11-3To store the results of a calculationIf the value you want to store is in the HOME view display history, for examp

11-4 Variables and memory managementTo use variables in calculationsYou can use variables in calculations. The calculator substitutes the variable’s v

Variables and memory management 11-55. Choose whether to place the variable name or the variable value on the command line.– Press to indicate that y

11-6 Variables and memory management4. Enter data for L2.55 48 86 90 77 5. Press >+20(@to access HOME.6. Open the variable menu and select L1.

Variables and memory management 11-7Home variablesIt is not possible to store data of one type in a variable of another type. For example, you use the

Getting started 1-7Math keys HOME (>+20(@) is the place to do calculations.Keyboard keys. The most common operations are available from the keyboar

11-8 Variables and memory managementAplet variables Aplet variables store values that are unique to a particular aplet. These include symbolic express

Variables and memory management 11-9Memory Manager You can use the Memory Manager to determine the amount of available memory on the calculator. You c

Matrices 12-112MatricesIntroductionYou can perform matrix calculations in HOME and in programs. The matrix and each row of a matrix appear in brackets

12-2 MatricesCreating and storing matricesYou can create, edit, delete, send, and receive matrices in the Matrix catalog.To open the Matrix catalog, p

Matrices 12-3To create a matrix in the matrix catalog1. Press >6+,)7@MATRIX to open the Matrix catalog. The Matrix catalog lists the 10 available m

12-4 MatricesTo transmit a matrixYou can send matrices between calculators just as you can send aplets, programs, lists, and notes. 1. Align the HP 39

Matrices 12-5To display a matrix• In the Matrix catalog (>6+,)7@MATRIX), highlight the matrix name and press .• In HOME, enter the name of the matr

12-6 MatricesMatrix arithmeticYou can use the arithmetic functions (+, –, ×, / ) with matrix arguments. Division left–multiplies by the inverse of the

Matrices 12-7To multiply two matricesTo multiply the two matrices M1 and M2 that you created for the previous example, use the following keystrokes:&g

1-8 Getting startedMenusA menu offers you a choice of items. Menus are displayed in one or two columns.•The arrow in the display means more items bel

12-8 MatricesSolving systems of linear equationsExample Solve the following linear system:1. Open the Matrix catalog and choose to create a vector in

Matrices 12-96. Return to HOME and enter the calculation to left multiply the constants vector by the inverse of the coefficients matrix.>+20(@>

12-10 MatricesAbout commands Matrix commands are listed in the CMDS menu (>6+,)7@CMDS), in the matrix category.See “Matrix commands” on page 15-23

Matrices 12-11EIGENVAL Displays the eigenvalues in vector form for matrix.EIGENVAL(matrix)EIGENVV Eigenvectors and Eigenvalues for a square matrix. Di

12-12 MatricesQR QR Factorization. Factors an m×n matrix into three matrices: {[[m×m orthogonal]],[[m×n uppertrapezoidal]],[[n×n permutation]]}.QR(ma

Matrices 12-13TRACE Finds the trace of a square matrix. The trace is equal to the sum of the diagonal elements. (It is also equal to the sum of the ei

12-14 MatricesReduced-Row Echelon FormThe following set of equations can be written as the augmented matrix which can then stored as a real matrix

Lists 13-113ListsYou can do list operations in HOME and in programs. A list consists of comma-separated real or complex numbers, expressions, or matri

13-2 Lists3. Enter the values you want in the list, pressing >(17(5@ after each one. Values can be real or complex numbers (or an expression). If y

Lists 13-3List edit keys When you press edit to create or change a list, the following keys are available to you:Create a list in HOME1. Enter the lis

Getting started 1-9Input formsAn input form shows several fields of information for you to examine and specify. After highlighting the field to edit,

13-4 ListsDisplaying and editing listsTo display a list • In the List catalog, highlight the list name and press .• In HOME, enter the name of the lis

Lists 13-5To insert an element in a list1. Open the List catalog.>6+,)[email protected]. Press *k, or *e,to highlight the name of the list you want to edi

13-6 ListsDeleting listsTo delete a list In the List catalog, highlight the list name and press >'(/@. You are prompted if you want to delete

Lists 13-7List functionsFollowing are details of list functions. You can use them in HOME, as well as in programs.You can type in the name of the func

13-8 ListsCONCAT Concatenates two lists into a new list.CONCAT(list1,list2)ExampleCONCAT({1,2,3},{4}) returns {1,2,3,4}.∆LIST Creates a new list compo

Lists 13-9ΠLIST Calculates the product of all elements in list. ΠLIST(list)ExampleΠLIST({2,3,4}) returns 24.POS Returns the position of an element wit

13-10 ListsFinding statistical values for list elementsTo find values such as the mean, median, maximum, and minimum values of the elements in a list,

Lists 13-114. In the Symbolic view, define H1 (for example) as C1 (sample) and 1 (frequency). Make sure that H1 is checkmarked.>6<0%@5. Go to t

Notes and sketches 14-114Notes and sketchesIntroductionThe HP 39G/40G has text and picture editors for entering notes and sketches.• Each aplet has it

1-10 Getting startedNumber FormatThe number format mode you set is the number format used in both HOME and the current aplet.Standard. Full-precision

14-2 Notes and sketchesNote edit keysKey Meaning Space key for text entry. Displays next page of a multi-page note. >6+,)7@Alpha-lock for letter e

Notes and sketches 14-3Aplet sketch viewYou can attach pictures to an aplet in its Sketch view (>6+,)7@SKETCH). Your work is automatically saved wi

14-4 Notes and sketchesTo draw a box 1. In Sketch view, press and move the cursor to where you want any corner of the box to be.2. Press . This turn

Notes and sketches 14-5To label parts of a sketch1. Press and type the text in the edit line. To lock the Alpha shift on, press (for uppercase) or

14-6 Notes and sketchesTo import a graphics variableYou can copy the contents of a graphics variable into the Sketch view of an aplet.1. Open the Sket

Notes and sketches 14-74. Write your note.See “Note edit keys” on page 14-2 for more information on the entry and editing of notes.5. When you are fin

14-8 Notes and sketchesTo import a note You can import a note from the Notepad into an aplet’s Note view, and vice-versa. Suppose you want to copy a n

Programming 15-115Programming IntroductionThis chapter describes how to program using the HP 39G/40G. In this chapter you’ll learn about:• using the P

15-2 ProgrammingProgram catalogThe Program catalog is where you create, edit, delete, send, receive, or run programs. This section describes how to •

Programming 15-3Program catalog keysThe program catalog keys are:Key Meaning Opens the highlighted program for editing.Prompts for a new program name,

Getting started 1-11Setting a modeThis example demonstrates how to change the angle measure from the default mode, radians, to degrees for the current

15-4 ProgrammingCreating and editing programsCreate a new program1. Press >6+,)7@PROGRM to open the Program catalog.2. Press .The HP 39G/40G prompt

Programming 15-5Enter commands Until you become familiar with the HP 39G/40G commands, the easiest way to enter commands is to use the Commands menu f

15-6 ProgrammingEditing keys The editing keys are:Key Meaning Inserts the character at the editing point.Inserts space into text.Displays previous p

Programming 15-7Using programsRun a program From HOME, type RUN program_name.orFrom the Program catalog, highlight the program you want to run and pre

15-8 ProgrammingWorking with programsCopy a programYou can use the following procedure if you want to make a copy of your work before editing—or if yo

Programming 15-9Delete all programsYou can delete all programs at once.1. In the Program catalog, press >6+,)[email protected]. Press . Delete the contents

15-10 ProgrammingAplet naming conventionTo assist users in keeping track of aplets and associated programs, use the following naming convention when s

Programming 15-113. Create a program called EXP.ME2 with contents as shown. This program sets the numeric view options for the aplet, and runs the pro

15-12 ProgrammingSETVIEWS ’’ ’’;;’’ ’’; 18;Sets the first menu option to be "Auto scale". This is the fourth standard Function aplet view me

Programming 15-13You only need to run this program once to configure your aplet’s VIEWS menu. Once the aplet’s VIEWS menu is configured, it remains th

1-12 Getting startedAplets are stored in the Aplet library. See “Aplet library” on page 1-15 for further information.You can modify configuration sett

15-14 ProgrammingProgramming commandsThis section describes the commands for programming with HP 39G/40G. You can enter these commands in your program

Programming 15-15• All the programs that are called from the VIEWS menu are transferred when the aplet is transferred, for example to another calculat

15-16 ProgrammingAuto-run programsIf the Prompt item is “Start”, then the ProgramName program runs whenever you start the aplet. This is useful for se

Programming 15-17View numbersThe views are numbered as follows:UNCHECK Unchecks (unselects) the corresponding function in the current aplet. For examp

15-18 ProgrammingIF... THEN... ELSE... ENDExecutes the true-clause sequence of commands if the test-clause is true, or the false-clause sequence of co

Programming 15-19RUN Runs the named program. If your program name contains special characters, such as a space, then you must enclose the file name in

15-20 ProgrammingFREEZE Halts the program, freezing the current display. Execution resumes when any key is pressed.LINE Draws a line from (x1, y1) to

Programming 15-21→GROB Creates a graphic from expression, using font_size, and stores the resulting graphic in graphicname. Font sizes are 1, 2, or 3.

15-22 ProgrammingREPLACE Replaces portion of graphic in graphicname1 with graphicname2, starting at position. REPLACE also works for lists and matrice

Programming 15-23FOR…TO…STEP...ENDFOR name=start-expression TO end-expression [STEP increment];loop-clause ENDFOR A=1 TO 12 STEP 1;DISP 3;A:ENDNote th

Getting started 1-13Quad Explorer apletThe Quad Explorer aplet is used to investigate the behaviour of as the values of a, h and v change, both by m

15-24 ProgrammingRANDMAT Creates random matrix with a specified number of rows and columns and stores the result in name(name must be M0...M9). The en

Programming 15-25Print commandsThese commands print to an HP infrared printer, for example the HP 82240B printer. Note: The HP 40G does not have an in

15-26 ProgrammingExample3 & A:CHOOSE A; "COMIC STRIPS";"DILBERT";"CALVIN&HOBBES";"BLONDIE";DISP Displa

Programming 15-27FREEZE This command prevents the display from being updated after the program runs. This allows you to view the graphics created by t

15-28 ProgrammingMSGBOX Displays a message box containing textitem. A text item consists of any number of expressions and quoted strings of text. The

Programming 15-29Stat-One and Stat-Two commandsThe following commands are used for analysis of one-variable and two-variable statistical data. Stat-On

15-30 ProgrammingStoring and retrieving variables in programsThe HP 39G/40G has both Home variables and Aplet variables. Home variables are used for r

Programming 15-31Coord)XQFWLRQ3DUDPHWULF3RODU6HTXHQFH6ROYH6WDWLVWLFVTurns the coordinate-display mode in Plot view on or off.From Plot view, use the M

15-32 ProgrammingHwidth6WDWLVWLFVSets the width of histogram bars.From Plot Setup in 1VAR stats set a value for HwidthorIn a program, typen & Hwid

Programming 15-33Nmin / Nmax6HTXHQFHDefines the minimum and maximum independent variable values. Appears as the NRNG fields in the Plot Setup input fo

1-14 Getting startedTrig Explorer apletThe Trig Explorer aplet is used to investigate the behaviour of the graph of as the values of a, b, c and d c

15-34 ProgrammingSimult)XQFWLRQ3DUDPHWULF3RODU6HTXHQFHToggles between simultaneous and sequential graphing of all selected expressions. From Plot Setu

Programming 15-35Tmin / Tmax3DUDPHWULFDefines the minimum and maximum independent variable values. Appears as the TRNG field in the Plot Setup input f

15-36 ProgrammingXtick$OO$SOHWVDefines the distance between tick marks for the horizontal axis.From the Plot Setup input form, enter a value for Xtic

Programming 15-37Xzoom$OO$SOHWVSets the horizontal zoom factor.From Plot-ZOOM-Set Factors, enter the value for XZOOM.orIn a program, typen & XZOO

15-38 ProgrammingX1, Y1...X9,Y9X0,Y03DUDPHWULFCan contain any expression. Independent variable is T.Example’SIN(4*T)’ & Y1(T):’2*SIN(6*T)’ STO&

Programming 15-39Numeric-view variablesThe following aplet variables control the Numeric view. The value of the variable applies to the current aplet

15-40 ProgrammingFormat$OO$SOHWVDefines the number display format.From Solve’s Numeric Setup view, choose Standard, Fixed, Scientific, or Engineering

Programming 15-41NumRow$OO$SOHWVH[FHSW6WDWLVWLFVDSOHWDefines the highlighted row in Numeric view.In a program, typen & NumRowwhere NumStart)XQ

15-42 ProgrammingStatMode6WDWLVWLFVToggles between 1–variable and 2–variable statistics in the Statistics aplet. Does not appear in the Plot Setup inp

Extending aplets 16-116Extending apletsAplets are the application environments where you explore different classes of mathematical operations. You can

Getting started 1-15Aplet libraryAplets are stored in the Aplet library.To open an aplet Press >$3/(7@ to display the Aplet library menu. Select th

16-2 Extending apletsAplet KeysExample: To create a new aplet from an existing Solve apletA simple example of a customized aplet is the TRIANGLES aple

Extending aplets 16-33. Decide whether you want the aplet to operate in Degrees, Radians, or Grads.>6+,)7@ MODES Select Degrees4. Ensure the TRIANG

16-4 Extending aplets4. Solve for the missing value. The length of the ladder is approximately 8.72 metresResetting an apletResetting an aplet clears

Extending aplets 16-5Sending and receiving apletsA convenient way to distribute or share problems in class and to turn in homework is to transmit (cop

16-6 Extending apletsSorting items in the aplet library menu listOnce you have entered information into an aplet, you have defined a new version of an

Reference information R-1RReference informationRegulatory informationThis section contains information that shows how the HP 39G/40G graphing calculat

R-2 Reference informationLED safetyThe infrared port located on the top of the calculator is classified as a Class 1 LED (light emitting diode) device

Reference information R-33. HP does not warrant that the operation of HP products will be uninterrupted or error free. If HP is unable, within a reaso

R-4 Reference information8. FOR CONSUMER TRANSACTIONS IN AUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALAND: THE WARRANTY TERMS CONTAINED IN THIS STATEMENT, EXCEPT TO THE EXTE

Reference information R-5To erase all memory and reset defaults If the calculator does not respond to the above resetting procedures, you might need t

1-16 Getting startedPlot-Table viewThe VIEWS menu contains the Plot-Table view.>9,(:6@ Select Plot-Table Splits the screen into the plot and the da

R-6 Reference informationGlossaryaplet A small application, limited to one topic. The built-in aplet types are Function, Parametric, Polar, Sequence,

Reference information R-7Operating detailsOperating temperature: 0° to 45°C (32° to 113°F).Storage temperature: –20° to 65°C (–4° to 149°F).Operating

R-8 Reference informationmessage that appears when the calculator is on: Warning: Low Bat. The HP 39G/40G uses three AAA batteries. Be sure all three

Reference information R-9Function aplet variablesThe function aplet variables are:Graphic G1...G9, G0Library FunctionParametricPolarSequenceSolveStati

R-10 Reference informationParametric aplet variablesThe parametric aplet variables are:Plot-FCN AreaExtremumIsectRootSlopeSymbolic AngleF1F2F3F4F5F6F7

Reference information R-11Polar aplet variablesThe polar aplet variables are:Symbolic AngleX1Y1X2Y2X3Y3X4Y4X5Y5X6Y6X7Y7X8Y8X9Y9X0Y0Numeric DigitsForma

R-12 Reference informationSequence aplet variablesThe sequence aplet variables are:Numeric DigitsFormatNumColNumFontNumIndepNumRowNumStartNumStepNumTy

Reference information R-13Solve aplet variablesThe solve aplet variables are:Category Available namePlot AxesConnectCoordFastResGridIndepInvCrossLabel

R-14 Reference informationStatistics aplet variablesThe statistics aplet variables are:Category Available namePlot AxesConnectCoordGridHminHmaxHwidthI

Reference information R-15Menu maps of the MATH menuMath functionsThe math functions are:Category Available name Calculus %)TAYLORComplex ARGCONJIMREC

Getting started 1-17Displays pictures to supplement an aplet.See “Notes and sketches” on page 14-1 for further information.Aplet view configurationYou

R-16 Reference informationPolynom. POLYCOEFPOLYEVALPOLYFORMPOLYROOTProb. COMB!PERMRANDOMUTPCUTPFUTPNUTPTReal CEILINGDEG→RADFLOORFNROOTFRACHMS→→HMSINTM

Reference information R-17Program constantsThe program constants are:Category Available name Angle DegreesGradsRadiansFormat StandardFixedSciEngFracti

R-18 Reference informationProgram commandsThe program commands are:Category Command Aplet CHECKSELECTSETVIEWSUNCHECKBranch IFTHENELSEENDCASEIFERRRUNST

Reference information R-19Selected status messagesThe status messages are:Message Meaning Bad Argument Type Incorrect input for this operation.Bad Arg

R-20 Reference information(OFF SCREEN) Function value, root, extremum, or intersection is not visible in the current screen.Receive Error Problem with

Index I-1IndexAabsolute value 10-6add 10-4algebraic entry 1-18alpha characterstyping 1-6alphabetical sorting 16-6angle measure 1-9in statistics 8-10se

I-2 IndexCcalculusoperations 10-8catalogs 1-28chronological sorting 16-6circle drawing 14-4clearingaplet 16-4characters 1-21display 1-21display histor

Index I-3deletingaplet 16-6lists 13-6matrices 12-4programs 15-9statistical data 8-10delimiters, programming 15-1derivativesdefinition of 10-7in Functi

I-4 Indexfixed number format 1-10font sizechange 3-8, 14-5forecasting 8-21fraction number format 1-10full-precision display 1-10functionanalyse graph

Index I-5hyperbolic trigonometryACOSH 10-9ALOG 10-10ASINH 10-9ATANH 10-9COSH 10-9EXP 10-10EXPM1 10-10LNP1 10-10SINH 10-9TANH 10-9hypothesisalternative

1-18 Getting startedMathematical calculationsThe most commonly used math operations are available from the keyboard. Access to the rest of the math fu

I-6 Indexlistarithmetic with 13-7calculate sequence of elements 13-8calculating product of 13-9composed from differences 13-8concatenating 13-8countin

Index I-7multiplying and dividing by scalar12-6multiplying by vector 12-7multiplying row by value and addingresult to second row 15-24multiplying row

I-8 Indexin Solve aplet 7-5scientific 1-10Standard 1-10numeric precision 11-9Numeric viewadding X values 2-19automatic 2-17build your own table 2-19di

Index I-9polar variablesAxes 15-30Connect 15-30Grid 15-31in menu map R-11Indep 15-32Labels 15-33Recenter 15-33Ycross 15-36polynomialcoefficients 10-12

I-10 IndexTRUNCATE 10-18XPON 10-18recalculation for table 2-19receive error R-20receivingaplet 16-5lists 13-6matrices 12-4programs 15-8redrawingtable

Index I-11sketchescreating 14-5creating a blank graphic 15-22creating a set of 14-5erasing a line 15-20labeling 14-5opening view 14-3sets 14-5storing

I-12 Indexdisplaying definitions 3-8evaluating variables in view 2-3setup view for statistics 8-10symbolic functions| (where) 10-20equals 10-19ISOLATE

Index I-13Vvaluego directly to 3-7recall 11-3storing 11-2variablesaplet 11-1categories 11-7definition 11-1, 11-7, R-7in equations 7-10in Symbolic view

Getting started 1-19Scientific notation (powers of 10)A number like or is written in scientific notation, that is, in terms of powers of ten. This

Contents iContentsPrefaceManual conventions... P-1Notice ...

1-20 Getting startedParentheses You need to use parentheses to enclose arguments for functions, such as SIN(45). You can omit the final parenthesis at

Getting started 1-21Clearing numbers• >'(/@ clears the character under the cursor. When the cursor is positioned after the last character, >

1-22 Getting startedExample See how >6+,)7@ANS retrieves and reuses the last result (50), and >(17(5@ updates ANS (from 50 to 75 to 100).50>(

Getting started 1-23Storing a value in a variableYou can save an answer in a variable and use the variable in later calculations. There are 27 variabl

1-24 Getting startedClearing the display historyIt’s a good habit to clear the display history (>6+,)7@CLEAR) whenever you have finished working in

Getting started 1-25Setting fraction precisionThe fraction precision setting determines the precision in which the HP 39G/40G converts a decimal value

1-26 Getting startedFraction calculationsWhen entering fractions:• You use the>j@ key to separate the numerator part and the denominator part of t

Getting started 1-27Converting a number to afractionWhen converting a number to a fraction, keep the following points in mind:• When converting a recu

1-28 Getting startedStoring complex numbersThere are 10 variables available for storing complex numbers: Z0 to Z9. To store a complex number in a vari

Getting started 1-29Differences between the HP 38G and the HP 39G/40GCAS The HP 40G is packaged with a computer algebra system (CAS). Refer to the CAS

ii Contents3 Function apletAbout the Function aplet ...3-1Getting started with t

Aplets and their views 2-12Aplets and their viewsAplet viewsThis section examines the options and functionality of the three main views for the Functi

2-2 Aplets and their views– For a Function definition, enter an expression to define F(X). The only independent variable in the expression is X. – For

Aplets and their views 2-3Evaluating expressionsIn aplets In the Symbolic view, a variable is a symbol only, and does not represent one specific valu

2-4 Aplets and their viewsSYMB view keysThe following table details the menu keys that you use to work with the Symbolic view.Key Meaning Copies the h

Aplets and their views 2-5About the Plot viewAfter entering and selecting (check marking) the expression in the Symbolic view, press >3/27@. To adj

2-6 Aplets and their viewsThose items with space for a checkmark are settings you can turn on or off. Press to display the second page.Reset plot set

Aplets and their views 2-7Exploring the graphPlot view gives you a selection of keys and menu keys to explore a graph further. The options vary from a

2-8 Aplets and their viewsTrace a graph You can trace along a function using the *>, or* A , key which moves the cursor along the graph. The disp

Aplets and their views 2-9In Divides horizontal and vertical scales by the X-factor and Y-factor. For instance, if zoom factors are 4, then zooming in

Contents iii9 Inference apletAbout the Inference aplet ...9-1Getting started with

2-10 Aplets and their viewsZOOM examples The following screens show the effects of zooming options on a plot of . Plot of Zoom In: In Un-zoom: Un-

Aplets and their views 2-11X-Zoom In: X-Zoom In Now un-zoom.X-Zoom Out: X-Zoom Out Now un-zoom.Y-Zoom In: Y-Zoom In Now un-zoom.Y-Zoom Out: Y

2-12 Aplets and their viewsTo box zoom The Box Zoom option lets you draw a box around the area you want to zoom in on by selecting the endpoints of on

Aplets and their views 2-13Other views for scaling and splitting the graphThe preset viewing options menu (>9,(:6@) contains options for drawing th

2-14 Aplets and their viewsSplit the screen The Plot-Detail view can give you two simultaneous views of the plot. 1. Press >9,(:6@. Select Plot-Det

Aplets and their views 2-15Overlay plots If you want to plot over an existing plot without erasing that plot, then use >9,(:6@ Overlay Plot instead

2-16 Aplets and their viewsSetting up the table (numeric view setup)Press >6+,)7@NUM to define any of the table settings. Use the Numeric Setup inp

Aplets and their views 2-17Exploring the table of numbersNUM view menu keysThe following table details the menu keys that you use to work with the tab

2-18 Aplets and their viewsThe display on the right is a Zoom In of the display on the left. The ZOOM factor is 4.HINTTo jump to an independent variab

Aplets and their views 2-19Clear data Press >6+,)7@CLEAR, to erase the data from a table.“Build Your Own” menu keysKey MeaningPuts the highlighte

iv Contents11 Variables and memory managementIntroduction ...1

2-20 Aplets and their viewsExample: plotting a circlePlot the circle, x2+ y2 = 9. First rearrange it to read .To plot both the positive and negative y

Function aplet 3-13Function apletAbout the Function apletThe Function aplet enables you to explore up to 10 real–valued, rectangular functions y in te

3-2 Function apletDefine the expressions2. There are 10 function definition fields on the Function aplet’s Symbolic view screen. They are labeled F1(X

Function aplet 3-3Change the scale6. You can change the scale to see more or less of your graphs. In this example, choose Auto Scale. (See “VIEWS menu

3-4 Function apletTo find the greater of the two roots of the quadratic function10. Find the greater of the two roots of the quadratic function. Note:

Function aplet 3-5To find the slope of the quadratic function13. Find the slope of the quadratic function at the intersection point. SelectSlopeTh

3-6 Function aplet18. Display the numerical value of the integral. Note: See “Shading area” on page 3-10 for another method of calculating area.To fin

Function aplet 3-722. Match the table settings to the pixel columns in the graph view. Explore the table23. Display a table of numeric values.>18

3-8 Function apletTo change font size27. Display table numbers in large font. To display the symbolic definition of a column28. Display the symbolic d

Function aplet 3-9Access FCN variablesThe FCN variables are contained in the VARS menu.To access FCN variables in HOME:>9$56@Select Plot FCN*A,*k,

Contents v15 ProgrammingIntroduction ...15-1Program catalog...

3-10 Function apletShading area You can shade a selected area between functions. This process also gives you an approximate measurement of the area sh

Function aplet 3-11Plotting a piecewise defined function exampleSuppose you wanted to graph the following piecewise defined function.1. Open the Funct

Parametric aplet 4-14Parametric apletAbout the Parametric apletThe Parametric aplet allows you to explore parametric equations. These are equations in

4-2 Parametric apletSet angle measure3. Set the angle measure to degrees.>6+,)7@ MODESSelect Degrees Set up the plot 4. Display the graphing opti

Parametric aplet 4-3Overlay plot 8. Plot a triangle graph over the existing circle graph. >6+,)7@ PLOT*e,120 >9,(:6@ Select Overlay Plot A tria

Polar aplet 5-15Polar apletGetting started with the polar apletOpen the Polar aplet1. Open the Polar aplet.>$3/(7@Select PolarLike the Function ap

5-2 Polar apletExplore the graph5. Display the Plot view menu key labels. The Plot view options available are the same as those found in the Function

Sequence aplet 6-16Sequence apletAbout the Sequence apletThe Sequence aplet allows you to explore sequences.You can define a sequence named, for examp

vi ContentsReference informationRegulatory information ...R-1USA ...

6-2 Sequence apletDefine the expression2. Define the Fibonacci sequence, in which each term (after the first two) is the sum of the preceding two term

Sequence aplet 6-3Plot the sequence4. Plot the Fibonacci sequence. >3/27@5. In Plot Setup, set the SEQPLOT option to Cobweb.>6+,)7@SETUP-PLOTSe

Solve aplet 7-17Solve apletAbout the Solve apletThe Solve aplet solves an equation or an expression for its unknown variable. You define an equation o

7-2 Solve apletGetting started with the Solve apletSuppose you want to find the acceleration needed to increase the speed of a car from 16.67 m/sec (6

Solve aplet 7-3Solve the unknown variable5. Solve for the unknown variable (A).*e,*e,Therefore, the acceleration needed to increase the speed of a c

7-4 Solve aplet7. Trace along the graph representing the left member of the equation until the cursor nears the intersection.*A,≈20 times Note the va

Solve aplet 7-5Use an initial guessYou can usually obtain a faster and more accurate solution if you supply an estimated value for the unknown variabl

7-6 Solve apletInterpreting resultsAfter Solve has returned a solution, press in the Numeric view for more information. You will see one of the foll

Solve aplet 7-7If Solve could not find a solution, you will see one of the following two messages.HINTIt is important to check the information relatin

Preface P-1PrefaceThe HP 39G/40G is a feature-rich graphing calculator. It is also a powerful mathematics learning tool. The HP 39G/40G is designed so

7-8 Solve apletPlotting to find guessesThe main reason for plotting in the Solve aplet is to help you find initial guesses and solutions for those equ

Solve aplet 7-93. Use the Plot view to find an initial guess for T. First set appropriate X and Y ranges in the Plot Setup. Since we have an equation,

7-10 Solve aplet8. Use this equation to solve for another variable, such as velocity. How fast must a body’s initial velocity be in order for it to tr

Statistics aplet 8-18Statistics apletAbout the Statistics apletThe Statistics aplet can store up to ten separate data sets at one time. It can do one-

8-2 Statistics apletOpen the Statistics aplet1. Open the Statistics aplet and clear existing data by pressing . >$3/(7@ Select StatisticsThe Statis

Statistics aplet 8-3Choose fit and data columns4. Select a fit in the Symbolic setup view.>6+,)7@ SETUP-SYMB*e,Select Linear You can define up to

8-4 Statistics apletPlot the graph 9. Plot the graph.>3/27@Draw the regression curve10. Draw the regression curve (a curve to fit the data points).

Statistics aplet 8-5Predict values 13. To find the predicted sales figure if advertising were to go up to 6 minutes:>+20(@>0$7+@ S (to highlight

8-6 Statistics apletStatistics aplet’s NUM view keysThe Statistics aplet’s Numeric view keys are:Key Meaning Copies the highlighted item into the edit

Statistics aplet 8-7Example You are measuring the height of students in a classroom to find the mean height. The first five students have the followin